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1 mara
mara Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `ghost, apparition'Page in Trubačev: XVII 204-207 \{1\}Church Slavic:Russian:mára, mará `apparition, mirage;(dial.) house-sprite, evil spirit' [f ā]Belorussian:mará, mára `dream, apparition, nightmare;(dial.) `witch, demon' [f ā]Ukrainian:mará `apparition, ghost, witch' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:mara `dream, illusion, ghost, (dial.) nightly spirit that attacks people and horses in their sleep' [f ā]Slovincian:Upper Sorbian:Bulgarian:Mára `name of a fairy-tale monster' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-reh₂Certainty: +Page in Pokorny: 693Comments: There are basically two views on the origin of *mara. According to a hypothesis put forward by Franck (1904: 129) and advocated by a.o. Schuster-Šewc (885ff), *mara continues PIE *mōrā and differs from *mora only in having lengthened grade. The alternative etymology, which can at least be traced to Zubatý 1894, connects *mara with the root ma- < *meh₂- of majati, mamъ etc. Though it seems at a first glance unsatisfactory to separate *mara from *mora - in Polish, for instance, mara and mora are synonymous -, it is awkward that in most Slavic languages both apophonic variants would occur side by side. Perhaps we have to start from *mara `illusion, apparition' beside *mora `female demon that tortures people with nightmares', which later became confused. This scenario may also offer an explanation for the fact that the accentual paradigm of both words is so hard to determine. We would expect *màra (a) - in view of Hirt's law - beside *morà (b) or (c). Nevertheless we find forms like Ru. móra and mará (beside mára). I think that in this respect, too, we have to reckon with analogy. -
2 rǫ̑bъ
rǫ̑bъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: cChurch Slavic:rǫbъ (Serb.-CS) `cloth' [m o]Russian:Belorussian:Ukrainian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:rąb (obs.) `hem, border, scar' [m o], ręba [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:rūb `hem, seam, edge, brink' [m o], rūba [Gens];Čak. rūb (Vrgada) `edge, end' [m o], rūba [Gens]Slovene:rǫ̑b `hem, seam, cloth, plain clothing' [m o]Bulgarian:răb `hem, edge, border' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: rumʔbasLithuanian:rum̃bas `scar, notch, waist (of skirt or trousers)' [m o] 4;rùmbas `scar, notch, waist (of skirt or trousers)' [m o] 3Latvian:rùobs `notch' [m o] \{1\}Indo-European reconstruction: rmbNotes:\{1\} This form actually has uo < *am before a homorganic obstruent. -
3 drǫgъ
drǫ́gъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bar, pole'Page in Trubačev: V 129-130Old Church Slavic:drǫgy (Euch.) `sticks' [Inspm o]Czech:Slovak:drúh (dial.) `bar, club' [m o]Polish:drąg `bar' [m o], drąga [Gens]Slovincian:drȯ́ųg `bar, pole' [m o], drȯ́ųga [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:drȗg `rail' [m o]Slovene:drǫ̑g `bar, latticed side of a cart' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: drongosLithuanian:drañgas `pole (used as a lever)' [m o];dránga `pole (used as a lever), edge (of a cart)' [f ā]Comments: On the basis of the Balto-Slavic and Germanic evidence, we may reconstruct * dʰrongʰ-. The limited distribution of the etymon and the fact that we find variants without a nasal or with root-final *k leads us to consider non-Indo-European origin.Other cognates: -
4 černь
I. černъ I; černь I Grammatical information: m. o; m. jo Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `handle'Page in Trubačev: IV 69-70Church Slavic:Russian:čéren' (dial.) `handle' [m jo]Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:crȅn `handle' [m o]Slovene:črẹ̑n `handle' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: kwer-no-Other cognates:Skt. kárṇa- `ear'II. černъ II;černь IIGrammatical information: m. o; m. jo Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `stem, stub'Page in Trubačev: IV 69-70Russian:čéren (S. dial.) `molar' [m o]Czech:třeň `stem of a mushroom' [m jo];Slovak:Polish:Lithuanian:kẽras `tree-stump, stub, bush, shrub' [m o] 4Page in Pokorny: 582Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} If the Celtic forms are cognate, the root must be *ker-. -
5 dē̌žà
dē̌žà Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: bPage in Trubačev: V 23-24Russian:dežá `vat' [f jā];déža `vat' [f jā]Czech:díž `kneading trough' [f i/jā];díže `kneading trough' [f i/jā]Old Czech:diežě `kneading trough' [f jā]Slovak:Polish:dzieża `kneading trough, earthen pot, crock' [f jā]Upper Sorbian:dźěža `kneading trough' [f jā]Lower Sorbian:źěža `kneading trough' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:Čak. díža `milk-pail' [f jā];Čak. dȋžva `milk-pail' [f jā]Slovene:dę́ža `milk-pail, bee-hive' [f jā]Comments: A jā-stem from the root *děz- < *dʰoiǵʰ- `knead (clay)'.Other cognates:Gk. τοι̃χος `wall, side' [n]
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